Multidisciplinary and Multidimensional Journal
Multidisciplinary and Multidimensional Journal (MMJ) har oyda chop etiladigan xalqaro onlayn jurnal. MMJ raqamli kutubxonasi uchun ISSN ISSN: 2775-5118 (Onlayn) MMJ - bu kimyo, biologiya, atrof-muhit fanlari, informatika, muhandislik, sotsiologiya psixologiyasi, antropologiya, iqtisod, matematika, nevrologiya, tibbiyot, astronomiya, geologiya, geografiya, ta'lim, siyosat, tilshunoslikning turli sohalaridagi keng o'quvchilar ommasini qiziqtiradigan mavzularni yorituvchi juda tanlangan jurnal. dalalar. MMJ tadqiqot ko'nikmalarini mustahkamlash va akademik martaba oshirishga qaratilgan ko'plab afzalliklarga ega. Jurnal nashrlari akademik martaba ko'tarilishining muhim qismidir. MMJ Authorning qog'oz nashrlarga xos afzalliklari: Oson va tezkor qog'oz nashr qilish jarayoni. Bizda dunyoning mashhur universitetlaridan nufuzli akademik jurnal sharhlovchilari jamoasi bor. Maqolalaringizni yuqori ko'rinish va targ'ib qilish uchun ochiq kirish jurnali ma'lumotlar bazasi. "MMJ" nufuzli muharrirlar kengashi tomonidan boshqariladi va ko'plab taniqli universitetlar, kollejlar va korporatsiyalar vakili bo'lgan taniqli shaxslardan iborat xalqaro ko'rib chiqish kengashi tomonidan qo'llab-quvvatlanadi. Indoneziya, AQSh, Buyuk Britaniya, Avstraliya, Kanada, Yaponiya, Xitoy, Hindiston, Yaqin Sharq va boshqalar. Yuqori sifatli jurnalni saqlash uchun MMJ Maqolalari bo'limida paydo bo'ladigan qo'lyozmalar qattiq ko'rib chiqish jarayonidan o'tkazildi. Bunga xalqaro muharrirlar kengashining bir yoki bir nechta a'zolari tomonidan ko'r-ko'rona sharhlar, so'ngra MMJ muharrirlari tomonidan batafsil ko'rib chiqish kiradi. Biz mualliflarimizga ko'p tarmoqli tadqiqotning barcha turli sohalarida rivojlanishga yordam beramiz.
ПОНЯТИЯ ВОЕННОЙ СЛУЖБЫ И ВОЕННОСЛУЖАЩЕГО И НЕКОТОРЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ИХ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ
В статье рассматриваются научно-правовые основы понятий «военная служба» и «военнослужащий» как ключевых категорий института обороны и безопасности государства. На основе анализа отечественных и зарубежных исследований раскрыты сущность, правовая природа и социальное значение военной службы в современном обществе. Особое внимание уделено определению правового статуса военнослужащего, его обязанностей, гарантий и ответственности, а также систематизации правовых признаков, характеризующих военную службу как особую форму конституционного долга гражданина перед государством. Автор подчеркивает, что совершенствование правового регулирования института военной службы требует гармонизации национального законодательства с международными стандартами, уточнения понятийно-категориального аппарата, а также усиления социальной и правовой защиты военнослужащих. В статье приводится сравнительно-правовой анализ взглядов ученых (И.В. Носов, С.Б. Беликова, R. Smaliukienė, S. Molendijk и др.), определяются основные направления развития правового статуса военнослужащего в условиях реформ системы национальной обороны и построения Нового Узбекистана. В результате проведенного исследования обоснована необходимость комплексного подхода к пониманию военной службы как правового и социального института, обеспечивающего реализацию принципов законности, дисциплины и патриотизма в системе государственной службы.
ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ТРУДОВЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ ВОЕННОСЛУЖАЩИХ
В статье исследуются правовые основы регулирования труда военнослужащих в системе государственного управления Республики Узбекистан. Рассматриваются теоретико-правовая природа военной службы, её соотношение с трудовыми отношениями, а также особенности правового статуса военнослужащих в контексте реализации их социальных и трудовых прав. Автор подчёркивает, что военная служба обладает двойственной природой — она сочетает элементы трудовой деятельности и публичной государственной службы, где военнослужащий выступает особым субъектом права, находящимся в отношениях подчинённости и служебной зависимости от государства. Анализируются ключевые проблемы правового регулирования труда военнослужащих: отсутствие чёткого разграничения между трудовыми и служебными отношениями, недостаточная нормативная защита прав и гарантий, несовершенство механизмов социального обеспечения и охраны труда. В работе предлагаются конкретные направления совершенствования законодательства: разработка единого Кодекса военной службы, гармонизация норм трудового и военного права, усиление судебной и административной защиты прав военнослужащих, внедрение международных стандартов и создание института военного омбудсмана. Проведённое исследование подтверждает необходимость системного подхода к правовому регулированию труда военнослужащих как важнейшего элемента укрепления правового государства, социальной справедливости и обороноспособности страны.
ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ ТРУДА ВОЕННОСЛУЖАЩИХ В ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ СТРАНАХ И В МЕЖДУНАРОДНОМ ПРАВЕ
В статье рассматриваются особенности правового регулирования труда военнослужащих в зарубежных странах и в международном праве. На основе анализа международных договоров, актов ООН, МОТ и национальных законодательств государств — членов ЕС, США, Великобритании, России и Казахстана исследуются ключевые тенденции развития института военной службы. Особое внимание уделено международно-правовым основам труда военнослужащих — Всеобщей декларации прав человека, Международному пакту об экономических, социальных и культурных правах, конвенциям Международной организации труда и документам ОБСЕ. В сравнительном аспекте раскрываются модели правового регулирования труда военнослужащих в различных странах: французская — социально-государственная, немецкая — правозащитная, англо-американская — контрактно-профессиональная. Автор отмечает, что современная тенденция международного военного права заключается в гуманизации служебно-трудовых отношений, признании за военнослужащими статуса полноправных субъектов трудового и социального права. В заключение предложены направления совершенствования законодательства Республики Узбекистан с учётом зарубежного опыта: гармонизация военного и трудового права, внедрение международных стандартов защиты прав военнослужащих, создание института военного омбудсмана и развитие социально-трудовых гарантий.
НАУЧНО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО И ПРАВОВОГО СОЗНАНИЯ КУРСАНТОВ ВЫСШИХ ВОЕННЫХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ В СФЕРЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
В статье рассматриваются теоретико-педагогические основы формирования профессионального и правового сознания курсантов высших военных учебных заведений в условиях модернизации системы обеспечения общественной безопасности Республики Узбекистан. Автор анализирует современные подходы к воспитанию курсантов, направленные на развитие правовой культуры, гражданской ответственности и профессиональной компетентности будущих офицеров Национальной гвардии и органов внутренних дел. Особое внимание уделяется необходимости внедрения инновационных методов обучения, укреплению морально-нравственных качеств и правового мировоззрения, а также формированию у курсантов чувства долга, дисциплины и патриотизма.
INTRODUCING NEW INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES INTO THE POPULATION EARLY WARNING SYSTEM BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
The article provides an analysis and recommendations on the role of international experience in introducing new innovative technologies into the population alert system for emergencies, at a time when such emergencies are becoming a global issue, and in reducing the damage caused by emergencies.
METHODS FOR INCREASING STRUCTURAL STRENGTH IN REPAIR AND DESIGN
The topic of methods for enhancing the stability of constructions, repair, and design holds significant importance in the modern construction industry. This article explores contemporary technologies aimed at strengthening the stability of structures, methods used in repair processes, and innovative approaches applied in design. The importance of new materials, digital technologies, and automated systems in improving structural solutions is highlighted. Additionally, practical recommendations are provided for ensuring the safety and efficiency of constructions while analyzing the economic aspects of these processes. The article also addresses technical issues that arise during repair and reconstruction, offering modern solutions, as well as effective methods for ground preparation and reinforcement. The economic and technical aspects of strengthening constructions are discussed, along with the impact of these processes on labor safety and productivity. The article presents scientific approaches applicable to construction practices and develops recommendations aimed at enhancing the stability of constructions.
EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR TUBERCULOSIS PREVENTION IN SCHOOLS AND HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: EFFECTIVENESS AND SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS
This research examines the effectiveness of educational programs designed to prevent tuberculosis in schools and higher education institutions through scientific evaluation methodologies. Tuberculosis remains a critical global health challenge, and the limited awareness among young populations significantly increases epidemiological risks. The study analyzes methods for enhancing knowledge among youth through interactive seminars, practical training sessions, and contemporary media platforms. The findings demonstrate that targeted educational programs substantially increase tuberculosis awareness among young people, foster preventive behaviors, and facilitate early disease detection. An integrative approach that combines educational programs with social awareness campaigns and medical services further enhances prevention effectiveness. The research results establish the necessity for expanding educational strategies within healthcare systems and adapting them to regional contexts. These evidence-based interventions provide a foundation for systematic tuberculosis prevention in educational settings and contribute to reducing the overall disease burden among vulnerable youth populations.
TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING THE COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS TO WORK WITH INFORMATION
The article provides information about the concept of information processing competence, its importance, application, model and methods, tools, forms, evaluation criteria and results.
MODERN METHODS OF TRAINING FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
This article analyzes modern methods and innovative pedagogical technologies used in the training of future specialists in vocational education institutions. The study examines the effectiveness of dual education, competency-based approaches, the use of information and communication technologies, and the integration of distance learning elements. The importance of these methods in the formation of students' professional competencies is highlighted. As the results of the study emphasize, the use of modern methods increases the effectiveness of vocational education and serves to train highly competitive specialists in the labor market.
АНАЛИЗ РОЛЬ И МЕСТО СУШКИ В ПИЩЕВОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
В данной статье описывается процесс сушки фруктов и овощей и последовательность его осуществления, а также возможность сохранения структурных компонентов продукта и его пищевого использования, а также полезные и вредные аспекты.
ВЫЯВЛЯЕМОСТЬ НЕКОТОРЫХ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ФАКТОРОВ У ВИЧ-ЗАРАЖЕННОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ФЕРГАНСКОЙ ДОЛИНЫ
В статье представлены результаты анализа распространённости и структуры социальных факторов риска среди ВИЧ-инфицированного населения Ферганской долины. Проведено исследование зависимости социально-экономических условий, уровня образования и жилищно-бытовых факторов от пола и возраста респондентов. Установлено, что наиболее значимыми социальными факторами риска являются низкий социальный статус (88,6%), низкий образовательный уровень (57,0%) и неблагоприятные жилищно-бытовые условия (53,6%). Выявлены различия в показателях между мужчинами и женщинами, а также между возрастными группами. Полученные данные подчёркивают необходимость внедрения целевых профилактических мер с учётом социально-экономических характеристик населения.
THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON TOUR GUIDING SERVICES
The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought significant changes to the tourism industry, especially in tour guiding services. Modern guides increasingly rely on intelligent technologies such as chatbots, virtual assistants, and translation systems to provide accurate and interactive information to This paper explores the gradual transformation of the tourism industry caused by Artificial Intelligence (AI), focusing on its influence on traditional tour guiding professions. AI-driven technologies such as smart guide applications, chatbots, and augmented reality tools have started to replace many functions that human guides once performed [1][2]. While AI provides faster, data-based, and personalized experiences for tourists, it simultaneously challenges the demand for conventional tour guides [3][4]. The research argues that although human empathy, storytelling, and emotional connection remain essential, the growing sophistication of AI systems is likely to reduce the number of traditional guiding jobs in the near future [5][6]. The paper concludes that the future of guiding lies in collaboration between human expertise and artificial intelligence tools rather than complete substitution [7][8]..
FACTIONAL POLITICS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE FRENCH REVOLUTION IN THE 18TH CENTURY
France was in a troubled socio-political situation by the end of the 18th century. For a long time, representatives of the third class after the recall of the uninvited General-States had expressed their discontent. Following the outbreak of rebellions in the country, a revolution broke out with the occupation of the Bastille on 14 July. Representatives of the third class were also briefly analyzed in the political processes of declaring themselves Legislative Assembly after the Constituent Assembly. The article also shows the role of political parties in the rapid development of the revolution, which was important. This scientific article discusses the emergence of political parties, their political programs, differences in their views on how to manage the state. It is also analyzed that during the revolution, the press was placed on the level of “fourth power”. This article highlights the role played by the political parties at the top of the government in human rights, private property, the collapse of the monarchy in France and the establishment of the republican system.
The article examines the methodological foundations of applying interactive tools in teaching Russian grammar within modern educational contexts. The study emphasizes the growing significance of interactive technologies as a means of enhancing the effecti
The article examines the methodological foundations of applying interactive tools in teaching Russian grammar within modern educational contexts. The study emphasizes the growing significance of interactive technologies as a means of enhancing the effectiveness, motivation, and engagement of learners in mastering grammatical structures of the Russian language. The research analyzes the theoretical background of interactive learning from pedagogical, psychological, and linguistic perspectives, highlighting its role in the formation of communicative and linguistic competences. Various interactive tools—such as digital platforms, gamified applications, online simulations, virtual classrooms, and collaborative learning technologies—are discussed in terms of their methodological potential and didactic value. The study also presents a detailed overview of effective techniques for integrating interactive activities (including grammar quests, digital quizzes, project-based learning, and role-playing) into the grammar instruction process. Particular attention is given to how interactivity fosters learner autonomy, critical thinking, and practical language use in communicative situations. Based on empirical and theoretical analysis, the article proposes methodological recommendations for optimizing grammar teaching through interactive tools, ensuring a balance between linguistic accuracy and communicative fluency. The findings contribute to the development of innovative pedagogical approaches and can serve as a foundation for further research in the field of Russian language teaching methodology.
METHODOLOGY FOR THE FORMATION OF CRITICAL THINKING BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF RUSSIAN LITERARY WORKS
The development of critical thinking is one of the key objectives of modern education, determining the quality of students’ intellectual, communicative, and creative growth. This paper explores the methodological foundations for forming critical thinking through the analysis of Russian literary works. The study emphasizes that literature, as a synthesis of art, philosophy, and psychology, possesses an immense didactic potential to stimulate reflection, argumentation, and independent judgment. By engaging students in active interpretation, comparative reading, and textual analysis, the process of studying Russian literature becomes an effective means of cultivating higher-order cognitive skills. The article outlines theoretical principles based on the works of contemporary scholars in pedagogy, psychology, and literary studies, integrating cognitive and constructivist learning approaches. It identifies key strategies such as dialogic reading, problem-based learning, and interpretative discussions as core methodological tools that foster students’ analytical and evaluative abilities. Furthermore, the research explores the implementation of interactive technologies—digital annotations, online literary forums, and project-based analysis—that expand the traditional boundaries of literary education. Special attention is given to the role of teachers as facilitators of intellectual dialogue who guide students toward forming their own interpretations, challenging stereotypes, and perceiving literature not as a static body of knowledge but as a living space for meaning-making. The methodological model proposed in this study combines textual analysis with reflective activities, encouraging learners to question, hypothesize, and reason independently. Ultimately, the integration of critical thinking into the literature curriculum not only enhances students’ interpretative competence but also contributes to the formation of a free, responsible, and intellectually mature personality capable of independent judgment in a complex informational world.
MODERN APPROACHES TO THE APPLICATION OF DIGITAL AND MULTIMEDIA TOOLS IN TEACHING CLASSICAL LITERATURE
In the contemporary era of rapid technological advancement, the integration of digital and multimedia tools into the teaching of classical literature has become not only a methodological innovation but also an essential pedagogical necessity. The study titled “Modern Approaches to the Application of Digital and Multimedia Tools in Teaching Classical Literature” explores the theoretical foundations, practical implementations, and didactic implications of employing digital technologies to enhance the comprehension, interpretation, and appreciation of classical literary texts. Traditional approaches to teaching literature—largely based on textual analysis, close reading, and discussion—often fail to fully engage the new generation of digital-native learners whose cognitive habits, visual literacy, and learning motivations differ significantly from those of previous generations. Therefore, the paper argues that the use of multimedia platforms, digital storytelling, virtual reality environments, interactive hypertexts, online archives, and audiovisual materials offers new pedagogical perspectives for deepening students’ emotional and intellectual connection with classical works.
MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES THAT OCCUR IN BARK SUSTANCE OF THE ADRNAL GALAND UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF NUTRIENT DYES AND THEIR CORRECTION
Настоящее исследование посвящено изучению морфофункциональных изменений в коре надпочечников под воздействием синтетических пищевых красителей E-171 (диоксид титана) и E-173 (алюминиевая пудра), а также экспериментальной оценке методов их коррекции. Широкое применение искусственных пищевых добавок в промышленности вызывает возрастающую обеспокоенность из-за их потенциального токсического и эндокринно-дестабилизирующего действия. Поскольку кора надпочечников играет ключевую роль в поддержании гомеостаза, регуляции обмена веществ и стресс-ответов организма, любые структурно-функциональные нарушения в ней могут иметь серьезные физиологические последствия. В экспериментальной части исследования лабораторные животные подвергались воздействию контролируемых доз красителей E-171 и E-173. Проведенные гистологические, гистохимические и биохимические исследования выявили дегенеративно-дистрофические изменения в клетках коры, преимущественно в зоне пучковой и ретикулярной, включая вакуолизацию цитоплазмы, набухание митохондрий и нарушение стероидогенеза. Ключевые слова: кора надпочечников; морфофункциональные изменения; пищевые красители; E-171; E-173; диоксид титана; алюминиевая пудра; коррекция; антиоксиданты; экспериментальное исследование; токсикология. Abstract: The current research focuses on the study of morphofunctional changes in the adrenal cortex induced by exposure to synthetic food colorants E-171 (titanium dioxide) and E-173 (aluminum powder), as well as on the experimental approaches for their correction. The widespread use of artificial dyes in the food industry has raised increasing concern due to their potential toxic and endocrine-disrupting effects. Given the adrenal gland’s critical role in maintaining homeostasis and regulating metabolic, immune, and stress responses, alterations in its structure and function may have significant physiological consequences. In this experimental study, laboratory animals were exposed to controlled doses of E-171 and E-173 to evaluate the dyes’ cumulative effects on the morphology and functional state of the adrenal cortex. Histological, histochemical, and biochemical analyses revealed degenerative and dystrophic changes in cortical cells, particularly in the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis, including cytoplasmic vacuolization, mitochondrial swelling, and disrupted steroidogenesis. Key words: adrenal cortex; morphofunctional changes; food dyes; E-171; E-173; titanium dioxide; aluminum powder; correction;; experimental study; toxicology
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING: APPLICATIONS, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most transformative forces in modern engineering, profoundly reshaping the principles, tools, and processes of mechanical engineering. This research explores how AI-driven algorithms, machine learning, and predictive analytics are revolutionizing the design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. The study identifies the key domains where AI has been successfully implemented — such as smart manufacturing, robotics, material optimization, and system diagnostics — while also discussing ethical challenges, data dependency, and integration limitations. A mixed-method approach combining case studies and theoretical analysis is employed to examine the tangible impact of AI technologies in industrial contexts. The paper concludes by outlining future directions for AI-driven mechanical systems, emphasizing the need for human-centered and sustainable innovation.
METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING LITERARY CRITICAL AND RESEARCH WORKS
This article examines effective methodological approaches to teaching literary criticism and research works in secondary and higher education institutions. It explores the nature of critical and research writings in Kazakh literature and their role in developing students’ cognitive, analytical, and aesthetic abilities. The importance of systematic instruction, analytical thinking, and the culture of expressing opinions in the study of literary criticism is discussed.
WOMEN LEADERS IN MANAGEMENT: CHALLENGES AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM
The present article deals with the psychological and social issues women leaders come across in their management activity. Nowadays, it is of extreme importance to take care of women managers in society, because they face a daily challenge in their everyday activities between their work and life balance. The article gives some recommendations and practical solutions to the present issue.
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES AND MODERN ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
The rapid growth of renewable energy technologies and the need for sustainable energy storage systems have brought electrochemistry to the forefront of modern science. Electrochemical methods provide the fundamental basis for storing electrical energy in chemical form and releasing it when required. This thesis explores the principles of electrochemistry, the types of electrochemical cells, and their applications in modern energy storage technologies such as batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. The paper also examines recent advances in electrode materials, electrolyte systems, and nanotechnology-based innovations that have significantly improved energy density, cycle life, and environmental sustainability of electrochemical systems.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ НА УРОКАХ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА
В статье рассматриваются особенности применения цифровых технологий в процессе преподавания иностранных языков. Автор анализирует влияние цифровой среды на мотивацию, познавательную активность и коммуникативное развитие студентов. Подчёркивается роль преподавателя в эффективной интеграции технологий в учебный процесс и необходимость методически обоснованного выбора цифровых инструментов. В работе описаны преимущества онлайн-платформ (Zoom, Google Classroom, Quizlet, Kahoot), мультимедийных ресурсов и интерактивных заданий, способствующих формированию языковых и цифровых компетенций. Отмечается, что использование цифровых технологий усиливает индивидуализацию и интерактивность обучения, создаёт условия для творческой самореализации студентов.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN PRIMARY EDUCATION
This scientific work analyzes the possibilities of using digital technologies in the primary education system, their impact and effectiveness on the educational process. Also, the advantages of digital technologies, problems in their implementation and suggestions and recommendations for their elimination are given. The study analyzes digital educational approaches appropriate to the age characteristics of primary school students.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION OF JIZZAKH REGION — GEOGRAPHICAL FOCI OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
In our country, extensive work is being carried out in the field of protecting human health — considered one of our most valuable national assets. In particular, the people-oriented reforms implemented over the past 4–5 years in this sphere have become clearly visible in the daily lives of every citizen. When discussing the reforms in the healthcare sector of Uzbekistan, it is important to first mention the adoption of the Concept for the Development of the Healthcare System of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2019–2025. This programmatic document, along with other legislative acts, has contributed to the annual increase in the amount of funding allocated to the sector, leading to numerous positive changes
THE ROLE OF TEACHING THE JADID HERITAGE BASED ON MODERN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN THE DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
This article highlights the theoretical foundations of teaching the heritage of the Jadids based on modern educational programs within the framework of a digital learning environment.
DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOL-FAMILY PARTNERSHIP IN FORMING EDUCATIONAL MOTIVATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
This article examines the role of school-family partnership in developing educational motivation among primary school students. The article analyzes various forms of school-family cooperation and their impact on motivational processes in primary school age children.
CULTURAL CONTEXTS OF TERMINOLOGY IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING
The relationship between terminology and cultural contexts in English language teaching (ELT) is examined in this article. It looks at how cultural differences might affect how specific terminology are understood and used, affecting both educators and students. This study emphasizes the need for teachers to be culturally sensitive and flexible in their teaching approaches by examining different cultural influences on language acquisition. The results highlight how crucial it is to incorporate cultural competency into ELT procedures in order to improve communication and create a more welcoming learning environment.
STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF RUSSIAN CONSTRUCTION TERMINOLOGY
The article examines the structural and semantic features of construction terminology in contemporary Russian. Based on data from dictionaries, regulatory documents, and professional texts, it describes the main thematic zones of construction vocabulary, its word-formation patterns, and the correlation between single-word terms, terminological phrases, and abbreviations. It is shown that the terminological system of construction combines a native Russian layer, established European borrowings and more recent Anglicisms, which reflects both the stages of development of the construction industry and current processes of globalization [2, pp. 45–47; 4, pp. 146–148]. The article notes a tendency for some construction terms to extend beyond strictly professional use and become metaphorical in the general language. It is concluded that the structural and semantic properties of construction terminology must be taken into account when compiling bilingual dictionaries, training construction-related specialists, and translating technical documentation [3, pp. 5–7; 7, pp. 25–30].
LINGUISTIC APPROACH TO TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN UZBEK STUDENT GROUPS
The article examines the specific features of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL) to Uzbek students on the basis of a linguistic approach. Drawing on recent methodological and linguistic studies devoted to RFL in Uzbek universities, it describes typical phonetic, grammatical and lexico-semantic difficulties arising from the systemic differences between Russian and Uzbek. It is shown that contrastive description of phonological, grammatical and lexical systems, as well as explicit work with interference, makes it possible to shape Uzbek students’ linguistic and communicative competence in a more targeted way [3, pp. 59–61; 4, pp. 68–72]. The article outlines practical directions for implementing a linguistic approach in work with Uzbek student groups.
THE EFFECT OF NUTRITION AREA ON THE AVERAGE FRUIT WEIGHT AND YIELD OF WATERMELON
The article presents data on the study of optimal feeding areas for obtaining high and high-quality watermelon yields in repeated periods in the soil and climatic conditions of the Kashkadarya region and the results obtained.
A COMBINATION OF NATIONAL AND SECULAR VALUES
The Concept of Ensuring Freedom of Conscience of Citizens and State Policy in the Religious Sphere in the Republic of Uzbekistan was put into practice as an important document that embodies clear and systematic views and directions of the state on issues such as relations with religious organizations, the role of religion in society, openly and transparently reflects the state's policy in the religious sphere, and covers its strategic tasks.
NEW TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS BASED ON LOCAL RESOURCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTI-CORROSION POLYMER-BITUMEN COATINGS
This study is devoted to modern technological solutions for the development of anti-corrosion polymer-bitumen coatings based on local raw materials. It was found that the harmonious combination of polymer modifiers, oil residues and mineral additives in improving the physicochemical properties of bitumen has a significant impact on the structural stability, hydrophobicity and electrochemical protection of the coating. As part of the study, the structural properties of local bitumens were analyzed and the optimal parameters of the modification process - mixing speed, temperature regime and polymer concentration - were determined. Laboratory tests showed that the adhesion of polymer-bitumen composites to the metal surface increased, the penetration of ions that initiate corrosion decreased, and the mechanical stability of the coating increased. The results obtained confirm that the use of local resources is an important scientific and practical basis for diversifying the technology for the production of economically efficient, environmentally friendly and anti-corrosion coatings.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF COMBINED-SECTIONAL DIGGING BLADES FOR A GARLIC DIGGER
The article presents an overview of garlic cultivation in the republic, the existing challenges in this sector, and a proposed solution in the form of an energy- and resource-efficient garlic digging machine. The study describes the machine’s design, structural features, operating principles, and provides theoretical justification of the parameters of its combined-sectional digging blades.
THE MAIN CAUSES OF FLOODS THAT CAN OCCUR AT HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATIONS AND DAMS, AS WELL AS PREVENTIVE MEASURES
The article provides brief information on the main causes of floods that may occur at hydroelectric power plants, dams, as well as their material and moral damage. It also highlights measures to prevent floods in areas affected by water surges at hydroelectric power plants, dams and weirs.